Periods or not? Demystifying discharge in dogs

If you’ve noticed a spot of blood on your dog’s bed or a reddish tinge in her discharge, you might be wondering if female dogs get periods. The answer is a bit more complex than a simple yes or no.

The American Kennel Club states that female dogs usually attain sexual maturity at about six months old, marking the onset of their first estrus cycle or “heat.” Here’s the breakdown of what’s happening with your furry friend.

Not Quite a Period

While female dogs do experience vaginal bleeding and discharge, it’s not exactly the same as a human menstrual cycle. In humans, periods involve the shedding of the uterine lining each month. Dogs, on the other hand, have a process called the estrous cycle, also known as being “in heat” or “on season.”

The Stages of the Estrus Cycle

The estrus cycle typically lasts around three weeks and occurs every six to twelve months, although this can vary depending on the breed and age of your dog. The cycle can be broken down into four stages:

• Proestrus: This is the initial stage, lasting roughly nine days. During this time, your dog’s vulva may swell and there may be a bloody discharge. However, she won’t be receptive to mating yet.
• Estrus: This is the “heat” stage, typically lasting around six days. The discharge lightens in colour, and your dog will be receptive to mating.
• Diestrus: This stage lasts for several weeks after estrus. The discharge subsides, and your dog is no longer receptive to mating.
• Anestrus: This is the resting phase between cycles, lasting for several months.

Spotting the Signs

Here are some signs your dog might be in heat:

• Vulval swelling and discharge
• Increased urination
• Attracting male dogs
• Restlessness or clinginess

What to Do During a Heat Cycle

If your dog is unspayed, it’s crucial to keep her on a leash and away from intact male dogs during her heat cycle to prevent unwanted pregnancy. You might also consider using doggy diapers or belly bands to manage any discharge.

Spaying: A Common Choice

Many dog owners opt to spay their female dogs, which involves surgically removing the uterus and ovaries. This eliminates heat cycles and the associated bleeding, along with the risk of uterine infections and certain cancers. Discuss the pros and cons of spaying with your veterinarian to determine the best course of action for your furry friend.

The Bottom Line

While female dogs don’t experience periods in the same way humans do, the estrus cycle involves vaginal bleeding and discharge. Understanding the signs and stages of this cycle can help you care for your dog during this time. If you have any concerns, always consult your vet.

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Artificial Intelligence assisted in compiling this article.